Effectiveness and Safety of Ustekinumab for Ulcerative Colitis: A Brazilian Multicentric Observational Study.

Background: Real-world data on the effectiveness and safety of ustekinumab (UST) in ulcerative colitis (UC) are lacking in Latin America. In this study, we aimed to describe the effectiveness and safety of UST in a real-world multicenter cohort of Brazilian patients with UC. Methods: We conducted a multicenter retrospective observational cohort study, including patients with moderate-to-severe UC (total Mayo score 6-12, with an endoscopic subscore of 2 or 3) who received UST. The co-primary endpoints were clinical remission, defined as a total Mayo score ≤2 at 1 year, with a combined rectal bleeding and stool frequency subscore of ≤1, and endoscopic remission (endoscopic Mayo subscore of 0) within 1 year from baseline. Secondary endpoints included clinical response between weeks 12 and 16, endoscopic response within 1 year of starting UST, steroid-free clinical remission at week 52, and biochemical remission at week 52. We also evaluated UST treatment persistence and safety. Results: A total of 50 patients were included (female, n = 36, 72.0%), with a median disease duration of 9.2 years (1-27). Most patients had extensive colitis (n = 38, 76.0%), and 43 (86.0%) were steroid dependent at baseline. Forty patients (80.0%) were previously exposed to biologics (anti-TNF drugs, n = 31; vedolizumab [VDZ], n = 27). The co-primary endpoints of clinical remission at 1 year and endoscopic remission within 1 year were achieved by 50.0% and 36.0% of patients, respectively. Clinical response at weeks 12-16 was 56.0%, and endoscopic response, steroid-free clinical remission, and biochemical remission at week 52 were 68.0%, 46.5%, and 50.0%, respectively. The UST treatment persistence rate at 24 months was 73.7%. During the follow-up, 10 patients (20.0%) were hospitalized, mostly due to disease progression, and 3 patients required colectomy. Nine patients (18.0%) discontinued the drug mainly due to a lack of effectiveness. Twenty-seven adverse events (AEs) were reported, 16 of which were considered as serious AEs. Conclusions: In this real-world cohort of difficult-to-treat UC patients, UST was associated with improvements in clinical, biochemical, and endoscopic outcomes. The safety profile was favorable, consistent with the known profile of UST.

SURGICAL MANAGEMENT OF ADULT CROHN'S DISEASE AND ULCERATIVE COLITIS PATIENTS: A CONSENSUS FROM THE BRAZILIAN ORGANIZATION OF CROHN'S DISEASE AND COLITIS (GEDIIB).

BACKGROUND: Despite optimized medical therapy, contemporary risk of surgery in inflammatory bowel diseases (IBD) after 10 years of diagnosis is 9.2% in patients with ulcerative colitis (UC) and 26.2% in Crohn's disease, (CD) in the biological era. OBJECTIVE: This consensus aims to detail guidance to the most appropriate surgical procedures in different IBD scenarios. In addition, it details surgical indications and perioperative management of adult patients with CD and UC. METHODS: Our consensus was developed by colorectal surgeons and gastroenterologists representing the Brazilian Study Group of Inflammatory Bowel Diseases (GEDIIB), with the Rapid Review methodology being conducted to support the recommendations/statements. Surgical recommendations were structured and mapped according to the disease phenotypes, surgical indications, and techniques. After structuring the recommendations/statements, the modified Delphi Panel methodology was used to conduct the voting by experts in IBD surgery and gastroenterology. This consisted of three rounds: two using a personalized and anonymous online voting platform and one face-to-face presential meeting. Whenever participants did not agree with specific statements or recommendations, an option to outline possible reasons was offered to enable free-text responses and provide the opportunity for the experts to elaborate or explain disagreement. The consensus of recommendations/statements in each round was considered to have been reached if there was ≥80% agreement. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: This consensus addressed the most relevant information to guide the decision-making process for adequate surgical management of CD and UC. It synthesizes recommendations developed from evidence-based statements and state-of-art knowledge. Surgical recommendations were structured and mapped according to the different disease phenotypes, indications for surgery and perioperative management. Specific focus of our consensus was given to elective and emergency surgical procedures, determining when to indicate surgery and which procedures may be the more appropriate. The consensus is targeted to gastroenterologists and surgeons interested in the treatment and management of adult patients with CD or UC and supports decision-making of healthcare payors, institutional leaders, and/or administrators.

Covid-19 e obesidade: dificuldades enfrentadas por pacientes em pré-operatório para cirurgia bariátrica / COVID-19 and obesity: difficulties faced by patients in the preoperative period for bariatric surgery

Introdução: A obesidade é uma doença crônica que apresenta risco à saúde e está associada a formas graves da Covid-19. Durante a pandemia, pode haver o surgimento mais acentuado de dificuldades psicológicas nesses pacientes. Objetivo: avaliar possíveis impactos durante o enfrentamento da pandemia em pacientes no pré-operatório para cirurgia bariátrica. Método: Estudo transversal e descritivo, de abordagem qualitativa, com dados coletados através de entrevista semiestruturada. Amostra composta por pacientes em pré-operatório para cirurgia bariátrica. Foram previamente estabelecidos três grandes eixos temáticos e após a transcrição das entrevistas as respostas foram analisadas e classificadas em categorias. Resultados: Foram entrevistados 17 pacientes em pré-operatório para cirurgia bariátrica, sendo dez do sexo feminino e sete do sexo masculino. A média de idade dos participantes foi de 36,7 ± 13,6 anos e o índice de massa corporal médio foi de 43,9 ± 8,4 kg/m2. Os pacientes apresentaram dificuldades em seguir o protocolo nutricional e realizar atividades físicas, importantes na preparação para a cirurgia bariátrica. O momento vivido durante a pandemia da Covid-19 trouxe sequelas principalmente no emocional dos entrevistados. Conclusão: É importante manter assiduamente o acompanhamento por equipes multiprofissionais para esses pacientes durante a pandemia, mesmo que remotamente, a fim de melhorar a gestão da sua saúde física e mental no pré-operatório da cirurgia bariátrica (AU)

Introduction: Obesity is a chronic disease that poses health risks and is associated with severe forms of COVID-19. During the COVID-19 pandemic, psychological difficulties may emerge more often in obese patients. Objective: to evaluate possible impacts when coping with the pandemic in patients in the preoperative period for bariatric surgery. Method: A cross-sectional descriptive study with a qualitative approach and data collected through semi-structured interviews. The sample was composed of patients in the preoperative period for bariatric surgery. Three main thematic axes were previously established, and after transcribing the interviews, the answers were analyzed and classified into categories. Results: Seventeen patients in the preoperative period for bariatric surgery were interviewed, 10 females and 7 males. The mean age of participants was 36.7 ± 13.6 years, and the mean body mass index was 43.9 ± 8.4 kg/m2. The patients had difficulties in following the nutritional protocol and performing physical activities, which are important in preparing for bariatric surgery. The moment experienced during the COVID-19 pandemic caused sequels, particularly emotional ones, in the interviewees. Conclusion: It is important to maintain frequent monitoring by multidisciplinary teams for these patients during the pandemic, even if remotely, to improve the management of their physical and mental health in the preoperative period of bariatric surgery (AU)

Long-term effectiveness and safety of ustekinumab in bio-naïve and bio-experienced anti-tumor necrosis factor patients with Crohn's disease: a real-world multicenter Brazilian study.

BACKGROUND: The effectiveness of ustekinumab (UST) in the treatment of Crohn's disease (CD) has been demonstrated in the pivotal Phase 3 UNITI 1 and 2 and IM-UNITI studies in both anti-TNF-naïve and anti-TNF-exposed patients. Given the selective nature of pivotal trial designs, real-world effectiveness and safety studies are warranted. We report our experience with UST treatment in a large, real-world multicenter cohort of Brazilian patients with CD. METHODS: We performed a retrospective multicenter study including patients with CD, predominantly biologically refractory CD, who received UST. The primary endpoint was the proportion of patients in clinical remission at weeks 8, 24 and 56. Possible predictors of clinical and biological response/remission and safety outcomes were also assessed. RESULTS: Overall, 245 CD (mean age 39.9 [15-87]) patients were enrolled. Most patients (86.5%) had been previously exposed to biologics. According to nonresponder imputation analysis, the proportions of patients in clinical remission at weeks 8, 24 and 56 were 41.0% (n = 98/239), 64.0% (n = 153/239) and 39.3% (n = 94/239), respectively. A biological response was achieved in 55.4% of patients at week 8, and 59.3% were in steroid-free remission at the end of follow-up. No significant differences in either clinical or biological remission were noted between bio-naïve and bio-experienced patients. Forty-eight patients (19.6%) presented 60 adverse events during the follow-up, of which 8 (13.3%) were considered serious adverse events (3.2% of 245 patients). Overall, a proximal disease location, younger age, perianal involvement, and smoking were associated with lower rates of clinical remission over time. CONCLUSIONS: UST therapy was effective and safe in the long term in this large real-life cohort of Brazilian patients with refractory CD, regardless of previous exposure to other biological agents.

Covid-19 e obesidade: dificuldades enfrentadas por pacientes em pré-operatório para cirurgia bariátrica / COVID-19 and obesity: difficulties faced by patients in the preoperative period for bariatric surgery

RESUMO: Introdução: A obesidade é uma doença crônica que apresenta risco à saúde e está associada a formas graves da Covid-19. Durante a pandemia, pode haver o surgimento mais acentuado de dificuldades psicológicas nesses pacientes. Objetivo: avaliar possíveis impactos durante o enfrentamento da pandemia em pacientes no pré-operatório para cirurgia bariátrica. Método: Estudo transversal e descritivo, de abordagem qualitativa, com dados coletados através de entrevista semiestruturada. Amostra composta por pacientes em pré-operatório para cirurgia bariátrica. Foram previamente estabelecidos três grandes eixos temáticos e após a transcrição das entrevistas as respostas foram analisadas e classificadas em categorias. Resultados: Foram entrevistados 17 pacientes em pré-operatório para cirurgia bariátrica, sendo dez do sexo feminino e sete do sexo masculino. A média de idade dos participantes foi de 36,7 ± 13,6 anos e o índice de massa corporal médio foi de 43,9 ± 8,4 kg/m2. Os pacientes apresentaram dificuldades em seguir o protocolo nutricional e realizar atividades físicas, importantes na preparação para a cirurgia bariátrica. O momento vivido durante a pandemia da Covid-19 trouxe sequelas principalmente no emocional dos entrevistados. Conclusão: É importante manter assiduamente o acompanhamento por equipes multiprofissionais para esses pacientes durante a pandemia, mesmo que remotamente, a fim de melhorar a gestão da sua saúde física e mental no pré-operatório da cirurgia bariátrica. (AU)

ABSTRACT: Introduction: Obesity is a chronic disease that poses health risks and is associated with severe forms of COVID-19. During the COVID-19 pandemic, psychological difficulties may emerge more often in obese patients. Objective: to evaluate possible impacts when coping with the pandemic in patients in the preoperative period for bariatric surgery. Method: A cross-sectional descriptive study with a qualitative approach and data collected through semi-structured interviews. The sample was composed of patients in the preoperative period for bariatric surgery. Three main thematic axes were previously established, and after transcribing the interviews, the answers were analyzed and classified into categories. Results: Seventeen patients in the preoperative period for bariatric surgery were interviewed, 10 females and 7 males. The mean age of participants was 36.7 ± 13.6 years, and the mean body mass index was 43.9 ± 8.4 kg/m2. The patients had difficulties in following the nutritional protocol and performing physical activities, which are important in preparing for bariatric surgery. The moment experienced during the COVID-19 pandemic caused sequels, particularly emotional ones, in the interviewees. Conclusion: It is important to maintain frequent monitoring by multidisciplinary teams for these patients during the pandemic, even if remotely, to improve the management of their physical and mental health in the preoperative period of bariatric surgery

Tratamento cirúrgico de pacientes adultos com doença de Crohn e retocolite ulcerativa: um consenso da Organização Brasileira de Doença de Crohn e Colite (GEDIIB) / Surgical management of adult crohn's disease and ulcerative colitis patients: a consensus from the brazilian organization of crohn's disease and colitis (gediib)

ABSTRACT Background: Despite optimized medical therapy, contemporary risk of surgery in inflammatory bowel diseases (IBD) after 10 years of diagnosis is 9.2% in patients with ulcerative colitis (UC) and 26.2% in Crohn's disease, (CD) in the biological era. Objective: This consensus aims to detail guidance to the most appropriate surgical procedures in different IBD scenarios. In addition, it details surgical indications and perioperative management of adult patients with CD and UC. Methods: Our consensus was developed by colorectal surgeons and gastroenterologists representing the Brazilian Study Group of Inflammatory Bowel Diseases (GEDIIB), with the Rapid Review methodology being conducted to support the recommendations/statements. Surgical recommendations were structured and mapped according to the disease phenotypes, surgical indications, and techniques. After structuring the recommendations/statements, the modified Delphi Panel methodology was used to conduct the voting by experts in IBD surgery and gastroenterology. This consisted of three rounds: two using a personalized and anonymous online voting platform and one face-to-face presential meeting. Whenever participants did not agree with specific statements or recommendations, an option to outline possible reasons was offered to enable free-text responses and provide the opportunity for the experts to elaborate or explain disagreement. The consensus of recommendations/statements in each round was considered to have been reached if there was ≥80% agreement. Results and conclusion: This consensus addressed the most relevant information to guide the decision-making process for adequate surgical management of CD and UC. It synthesizes recommendations developed from evidence-based statements and state-of-art knowledge. Surgical recommendations were structured and mapped according to the different disease phenotypes, indications for surgery and perioperative management. Specific focus of our consensus was given to elective and emergency surgical procedures, determining when to indicate surgery and which procedures may be the more appropriate. The consensus is targeted to gastroenterologists and surgeons interested in the treatment and management of adult patients with CD or UC and supports decision-making of healthcare payors, institutional leaders, and/or administrators.

RESUMO Contexto: Apesar da terapia medicamentosa otimizada, o risco contemporâneo de cirurgia nas doenças inflamatórias intestinais (DII) após 10 anos do diagnóstico é de 9,2% em pacientes com retocolite ulcerativa (RCU) e de 26,2% na doença de Crohn (DC) na era biológica. Objetivo: Este consenso visa detalhar as orientações para os procedimentos cirúrgicos mais adequados em diferentes cenários da DII. Além disso, detalha as indicações cirúrgicas e o manejo perioperatório de pacientes adultos com DC e RCU. Métodos: Nosso consenso foi desenvolvido por cirurgiões colorretais e gastroenterologistas representantes da Organização Brasileira de Doença de Crohn e Colite (GEDIIB), com a metodologia de revisão rápida sendo conduzida para respaldar as recomendações. As recomendações cirúrgicas foram estruturadas e mapeadas de acordo com os fenótipos da doença, indicações cirúrgicas e técnicas. Após a estruturação das recomendações, a metodologia modificada do Painel Delphi foi utilizada para conduzir a votação por especialistas em cirurgia de DII e gastroenterologia. Esta consistiu em três rondas: duas com recurso a uma plataforma de votação online personalizada e anônima e uma reunião presencial. Sempre que os participantes não concordavam com afirmações ou recomendações específicas, era oferecida uma opção de delinear possíveis razões para permitir respostas em texto livre e dar a oportunidade para os especialistas elaborarem ou explicarem a discordância. O consenso de recomendações/declarações em cada rodada foi considerado alcançado se houve concordância ≥80%. Resultados e conclusão Este consenso abordou as informações mais relevantes para orientar o processo de tomada de decisão para o manejo cirúrgico adequado de DC e RCU. Ele sintetiza recomendações desenvolvidas a partir de evidências e conhecimento de alto nível. As recomendações cirúrgicas foram estruturadas e mapeadas de acordo com os diferentes fenótipos da doença, indicações para cirurgia e manejo perioperatório. O foco específico do nosso consenso foi dado aos procedimentos cirúrgicos eletivos e de emergência, determinando quando indicar a cirurgia e quais procedimentos podem ser os mais adequados. O consenso é direcionado a gastroenterologistas e cirurgiões interessados no tratamento e manejo de pacientes adultos com DC ou RCU e apoia a tomada de decisões de pagadores de saúde, líderes institucionais e/ou administradores.

Tissue content of metalloproteinase-9 and collagen in the colon with and without fecal stream after intervention with infliximab in rats subjected to Hartmann's surgery.

PURPOSE: Quantify the tissue content of metalloproteinase-9 (MMP-9) and collagen in colic mucosa with and without intestinal transit after infliximab administration in rats subjected to Hartmann's surgery. METHODS: Twenty-two rats underwent colon diversion by Hartmann's surgery. Animals were maintained with intestinal bypass for 12 weeks to induce development of diversion colitis (DC). Afterwards, animals were divided into three groups: first group received subcutaneous application of saline solution (SS) 0.9%, while the remaining two groups received infliximab subcutaneously at doses of 5 or 10 mg·kg-1·week-1 for five consecutive weeks. After the intervention, animals were sacrificed, removing the segments with and without intestinal transit. Diversion colitis was diagnosed by histological study, and its intensity was determined by a validated inflammatory scale. Tissue expression of MMP-9 was assessed byimmunohistochemistry, while total collagen was assessed by histochemistry. Tissue content of both was measuredby computerized morphometry. RESULTS: Colon segments without intestinal transit had a higher degree of inflammation, which improved in animals treated with infliximab. Collagen content was always lower in those without intestinal transit. There was an increase in the collagen content in the colon without transit in animals treated with infliximab, primarily at a dose of 10 mg·kg-1·week-1. There was an increase in the content of MMP-9 in the colon without fecal transit, and a reduction was observed in animals treated with infliximab, regardless of the dose used. CONCLUSIONS: Application of infliximab reduces inflammation, increases the total collagen content and decreases the content of MMP-9 in the colon without intestinal transit.

Tissue sulfomucin and sialomucin content in colon mucosa without intestinal transit subjected to intervention with Curcuma longa (curcumin)

Abstract Purpose: To measure the tissue sulfomucin and sialomucin content of the colon mucosa without fecal flow, subjected to intervention with curcumin, and the influence of the concentration used and the intervention time. Methods: Thirty-six rats were subjected to proximal right colostomy and distal mucous fistula. They were divided into two groups according to whether sacrifice was performed two or four weeks after the intervention. Each group was divided into three subgroups according to the enema applied daily: saline alone; curcumin at 50 mg/kg/day or curcumin at 200 mg/kg/day. Acid mucins were diagnosed using the Alcian blue technique. The mucin content was quantified by means of computer-assisted image analysis. The significance level of 5% was used throughout (p < 0.05). Results: There were dose-related increases in the quantities of sulfomucins in the animals subjected to interventions with curcumin, both after two weeks (p < 0.00001) and after four weeks (p < 0.00001). There were increases in sialomucin quantity that were concentration-related (p < 0.00001) and time-related (p < 0.00001). Conclusion: Curcumin enemas increase the quantity of acid mucins in the intestinal flow in the excluded colon, with dose and time dependency.

Claudin-3 and occludin content in the glands of colonic mucosa devoid from fecal stream submitted to topical intervention with oil extract of Curcuma longa

Abstract Purpose: To evaluate the inflammatory intensity and measure the tissue content of the proteins claudin-3 and occludin in the colonic mucosa without fecal stream submit to intervention with curcumin. Methods: Thirty-six rats were submitted to a proximal colostomy and a distal mucous fistula and divided into two groups according to sacrifice to be performed two or four weeks. Each group was divided into three subgroups according daily application of enemas containing saline, curcumin at 50 mg/kg/day or 200 mg/kg/day. Colitis was diagnosed by histological analysis. Claudin-3 and occludin were determined by immunohistochemistry. The tissue content of claudin-3 and occludin were quantified by computer-assisted image analysis. Mann-Whitney, Student t and ANOVA tests were used to analyze the results establishing the level of significance of 5% for both (p<0.05). Results: Curcumin at both concentrations reduces the inflammation and preserves the tissue content of the proteins claudin-3 and occludin, which was related to the concentration used and to the time of the intervention. Conclusion: The application of enemas with curcumin reduces inflammation and preserves the tissue content of the proteins claudin-3 and occludin in the colonic mucosa devoid from the fecal stream.

Neoadjuvant radiotherapy in stage I cancer of the lower rectum / Terapia neoadjuvante para tumores de reto baixo estadio I

Introduction: The mortality rate in low rectal cancer is related to pelvic and distant recurrence. For stage I tumors, local excision has being used increasingly, but recent studies show the need for caution with the use of this technique, as they do not consider the possibility of a positive node in stage I rectal tumors. Therefore, preoperative radiotherapy should be considered for early tumors, as an attempt to prevent recurrence. Objetive: Show the effectiveness of neoadjuvant radiotherapy in stage I cancer of the lower rectum of a cohort population. Material and method: A cohort study in a prospective database was made with a total of 538 patients, of which were considered 75 patients with stage I lower rectal cancer. Preoperative radiotherapy was performed and patients were followed up for a minimum period of five years. Results: Stage I/TI group had 27 patients. All of them presented complete response to the treatment and did not need to be operated. During the follow up time of five years, this group showed no recurrence rate. The stage I/TII group had 48 patients. During the follow up, 8 patients had to be operated due to suspicious lesion or scar. They were submitted to full total local excision. After evaluating the pathological specimen, none of them proved to be adenocarcinoma. Conclusion: Preoperative radiation, not only reduced the local recurrence and mortality rate in lower rectal cancer, but also reduced the need for surgery in patients with stage I cancer.

Introdução: O percentual de mortalidade em pacientes com câncer de reto baixo está relacionado a recorrências pélvica e remota. No caso de tumores no estágio I, a excisão local vem sendo utilizada cada vez mais; contudo, estudos recentemente publicados demonstraram a necessidade de se ter cautela com o uso dessa técnica, por não se levar em consideração a possibilidade de um nodo positivo em tumores de reto no estágio I. Portanto, a radioterapia pré-operatória é uma opção viável para os tumores em fase inicial, como uma tentativa de evitar recorrência. Objetivo: Demonstrar a eficácia da radioterapia neoadjuvante em casos de câncer de reto baixo no estágio I em uma coorte da população. Materiais e métodos: Foi realizado um estudo de coorte em um banco de dados prospectivo, com envolvimento, no total, de 538 pacientes, dos quais 75 foram considerados como tendo câncer de reto baixo no estágio I. No pré-operatório, os pacientes foram tratados com radioterapia e seguidos durante um período mínimo de 5 anos. Resultados: O Grupo no estágio I/TI consistia em 27 pacientes. Todos obtiveram resposta completa ao tratamento e não houve necessidade de reoperação. Durante o período de 5 anos de seguimento, não houve recorrências nesse grupo. O grupo no estágio I/TII consistia em 48 pacientes. Durante o seguimento, 8 pacientes tiveram que ser operados, devido à suspeita de lesão, ou cicatriz. Para esses casos, optou-se por excisão local total completa. Após a avaliação dos espécimes patológicos, nenhum deles teve diagnóstico de adenocarcinoma. Conclusão: O uso da radiação pré-operatória não só diminuiu a recorrência local e o percentual de mortalidade em casos de câncer de reto baixo, mas também diminuiu a necessidade de cirurgia em pacientes com câncer no estágio I.

COMPARISON OF HEPATIC PROFILE IN PRE AND POSTOPERATIVE OF BARIATRIC SURGERY: PRIVATE VS PUBLIC NETWORK / COMPARAÇÃO DO PERFIL HEPÁTICO NO PRÉ E PÓS-OPERATÓRIO NA CIRURGIA BARIÁTRICA: REDE PARTICULAR VS PÚBLICA

Background: Obesity is associated to several comorbidities, including nonalcoholic fatty liver disease, which implicates in isolated steatosis to steatohepatitis. The latter may progress to severe manifestations such as liver fibrosis, cirrhosis and hepatocellular carcinoma. Aim: To compare the presence of advanced liver fibrosis before and after bariatric surgery in patients of private and public health system. Methods: Patients from public and privative networks were studied before and after bariatric surgery. The presence or absence of advanced hepatic fibrosis was evaluated by NAFLD Fibrosis Score, a non-invasive method that uses age, BMI, AST/ALT ratio, albumin, platelet count and the presence or absence of hyperglycemia or diabetes. The characteristics of the two groups were compared. The established statistical significance criterion was p<0.05. Results: Were analyzed 40 patients with a mean age of 34.6±9.5 years for private network and 40.6± 10.2 years for public. The study sample, 35% were treated at private health system and 65% in the public ones, 38% male and 62% female. Preoperatively in the private network one (7.1%) patient had advanced liver fibrosis and developed to the absence of liver fibrosis after surgery. In the public eight (30.8%) patients had advanced liver fibrosis preoperatively, and at one year after the proportion fell to six (23%). Conclusion: The non-alcoholic fatty liver disease in its advanced form is more prevalent in obese patients treated in the public network than in the treated at the private network and bariatric surgery may be important therapeutic option in both populations.

Racional: A obesidade está relacionada com diversas comorbidades, entre elas a doença hepática gordurosa não-alcoólica, que inclui desde esteatose isolada à esteatohepatite. Esta última pode evoluir para manifestações mais graves, como fibrose hepática, cirrose e hepatocarcinoma. Objetivo: Comparar a presença de fibrose hepática avançada antes e após cirurgia bariátrica em pacientes da rede particular e pública. Métodos: Foram estudados pacientes antes e após operação bariátrica das redes particular e pública. A presença ou ausência de fibrose hepática avançada foi avaliada através do NAFLD Fibrosis Score, método não invasivo que utiliza idade, IMC, relação AST/ALT, albumina, contagem de plaquetas e presença ou ausência de hiperglicemia ou diabete. As características dos dois grupos foram comparadas O critério de significância estatística estabelecido foi p<0,05. Resultados: Foram analisados 40 pacientes com idade média de 34,6±9,5 anos para rede particular e 40,6±10,2 anos para pública. Da amostra avaliada, 35% foram atendidos no sistema de saúde particular e 65% no sistema público, sendo 38% gênero masculino e 62% feminino. No pré-operatório da rede particular um (7,1%) paciente apresentou fibrose hepática avançada e evoluiu para ausência de fibrose hepática após o procedimento cirúrgico. Já na rede pública oito (30,8%) apresentaram fibrose hepática avançada no pré-operatório, sendo que no pós de um ano esse valor foi para seis (23%). Conclusão: A hepatopatia gordurosa não alcóolica na forma avançada é mais prevalente em pacientes obesos atendidos na rede pública do que nos da rede privada, sendo que a cirurgia bariátrica pode ser importante opção terapêutica em ambas populações.

COMPARISON OF HEPATIC PROFILE IN PRE AND POSTOPERATIVE OF BARIATRIC SURGERY: PRIVATE VS PUBLIC NETWORK.

BACKGROUND: Obesity is associated to several comorbidities, including nonalcoholic fatty liver disease, which implicates in isolated steatosis to steatohepatitis. The latter may progress to severe manifestations such as liver fibrosis, cirrhosis and hepatocellular carcinoma. AIM: To compare the presence of advanced liver fibrosis before and after bariatric surgery in patients of private and public health system. METHODS: Patients from public and privative networks were studied before and after bariatric surgery. The presence or absence of advanced hepatic fibrosis was evaluated by NAFLD Fibrosis Score, a non-invasive method that uses age, BMI, AST/ALT ratio, albumin, platelet count and the presence or absence of hyperglycemia or diabetes. The characteristics of the two groups were compared. The established statistical significance criterion was p<0.05. RESULTS: Were analyzed 40 patients with a mean age of 34.6±9.5 years for private network and 40.6± 10.2 years for public. The study sample, 35% were treated at private health system and 65% in the public ones, 38% male and 62% female. Preoperatively in the private network one (7.1%) patient had advanced liver fibrosis and developed to the absence of liver fibrosis after surgery. In the public eight (30.8%) patients had advanced liver fibrosis preoperatively, and at one year after the proportion fell to six (23%). CONCLUSION: The non-alcoholic fatty liver disease in its advanced form is more prevalent in obese patients treated in the public network than in the treated at the private network and bariatric surgery may be important therapeutic option in both populations.

Prevalence and severity of asthma in obese adult candidates for bariatric surgery.

OBJECTIVE: To determine the prevalence of asthma in a group of obese adult candidates for bariatric surgery and to evaluate the severity of asthma in this group of patients. METHODS: This was a cross-sectional study involving 363 obese adults (body mass index > 35 kg/m²) evaluated by a pulmonologist, using clinical evaluation as a diagnostic tool for asthma. All patients underwent clinical evaluation and spirometry and were divided into two groups (asthma and control). The patients with asthma were stratified by the severity of asthma. RESULTS: The prevalence of asthma in the obese population studied was 18.5% (95% CI: 14.5-22.4). That prevalence was 20.4% (95% CI: 16.2-24.5) and 13.7% (95% CI: 10.1-17.2) in the women and the men, respectively. Asthma symptoms in the last twelve months were present in 8.0% (95% CI: 5.2-10.7), and the initial manifestation of asthma symptoms occurred during childhood/adolescence in 17.4% (95% CI: 13.5-21.3). In the asthma group, intermittent asthma was present in 29 patients (43.3%), mild persistent asthma in 7 (10.4%), moderate asthma in 25 patients (37.3%), and severe persistent asthma in 6 (9.0%). CONCLUSIONS: Using clinical evaluation as the diagnostic criterion, we found the prevalence of asthma to be high in this group of obese adults. Asthma was more common in females, and the initial manifestation of asthma symptoms more commonly occurred during childhood/adolescence. The severity of asthma in this group of obese adults was within the range of mean values predicted for the general population. Intermittent asthma, mild persistent asthma, and moderate persistent asthma predominated.

Prevalência e gravidade de asma brônquica em adultos obesos com indicação de cirurgia bariátrica / Prevalence and severity of asthma in obese adult candidates for bariatric surgery

OBJETIVO: Determinar a prevalência de asma em um grupo de adultos obesos, candidatos a cirurgia bariátrica e avaliar a gravidade da asma neste grupo de pacientes. MÉTODOS: Estudo transversal, envolvendo 363 pacientes obesos adultos (índice de massa corpórea > 35 kg/m²) avaliados por um médico pneumologista, utilizando a avaliação clínica como instrumento diagnóstico de asma. Todos os pacientes foram submetidos à avaliação clínica e espirometria e foram divididos em dois grupos (asma e controle). Os pacientes com asma foram classificados conforme a gravidade da doença. RESULTADOS: A prevalência de asma na população de obesos estudada foi de 18,5 por cento (IC95 por cento: 14,5-22,4). Essa prevalência nas mulheres e nos homens foi de 20,4 por cento (IC95 por cento: 16,2-24,5) e 13,7 por cento (IC95 por cento: 10,1-17,2), respectivamente. Havia sintomas de asma nos últimos doze meses em 8,0 por cento (IC95 por cento: 5,2-10,7), e houve manifestação inicial dos sintomas de asma na infância/adolescência em 17,4 por cento (IC95 por cento: 13,5-21,3). No grupo asma, asma intermitente estava presente em 29 pacientes (43,3 por cento); asma persistente leve, em 7 (10,4 por cento); asma moderada, em 25 (37,3 por cento); e asma persistente grave, em 6 (9,0 por cento). CONCLUSÕES: A prevalência de asma neste grupo de adultos obesos, utilizando-se a avaliação clínica como critério diagnóstico, mostrou-se elevada, com predomínio no sexo feminino e com manifestação inicial dos sintomas de asma na infância/adolescência. A gravidade da asma neste grupo de obesos adultos esteve entre os valores médios estimados para a população geral, com uma maior proporção de asma intermitente, asma persistente leve e asma persistente moderada.

OBJECTIVE: To determine the prevalence of asthma in a group of obese adult candidates for bariatric surgery and to evaluate the severity of asthma in this group of patients. METHODS: This was a cross-sectional study involving 363 obese adults (body mass index > 35 kg/m²) evaluated by a pulmonologist, using clinical evaluation as a diagnostic tool for asthma. All patients underwent clinical evaluation and spirometry and were divided into two groups (asthma and control). The patients with asthma were stratified by the severity of asthma. RESULTS: The prevalence of asthma in the obese population studied was 18.5 percent (95 percent CI: 14.5-22.4). That prevalence was 20.4 percent (95 percent CI: 16.2-24.5) and 13.7 percent (95 percent CI: 10.1-17.2) in the women and the men, respectively. Asthma symptoms in the last twelve months were present in 8.0 percent (95 percent CI: 5.2-10.7), and the initial manifestation of asthma symptoms occurred during childhood/adolescence in 17.4 percent (95 percent CI: 13.5-21.3). In the asthma group, intermittent asthma was present in 29 patients (43.3 percent), mild persistent asthma in 7 (10.4 percent), moderate asthma in 25 patients (37.3 percent), and severe persistent asthma in 6 (9.0 percent). CONCLUSIONS: Using clinical evaluation as the diagnostic criterion, we found the prevalence of asthma to be high in this group of obese adults. Asthma was more common in females, and the initial manifestation of asthma symptoms more commonly occurred during childhood/adolescence. The severity of asthma in this group of obese adults was within the range of mean values predicted for the general population. Intermittent asthma, mild persistent asthma, and moderate persistent asthma predominated.

Associação da obesidade à presença de comorbidades decorrentes em trabalhadores do Hospital e Maternidade Celso Pierro / Association of obesity with its resultant comorbidities in workers from Hospital Celso Pierro

Objetivo O estudo buscou determinar a relação entre obesidade e presença de comorbidades em trabalhadores do Hospital e Maternidade Celso Pierro, de Campinas (SP). Métodos Realizou-se um estudo individual, observacional e transversal (tipo inquérito), por meio da análise de 400 prontuários de funcionários do Hospital e Maternidade Celso Pierro, Campinas (SP), escolhidos aleatoriamente dentro do universo de 2.185 trabalhadores da instituição. Foram avaliados indicadores como sexo, peso, altura (permitindo o cálculo do índice de massa corporal) e presença ou não de comorbidades relacionadas pela literatura à obesidade. Resultados O grupo que apresentou maior porcentagem de peso adequado estava ??16 ??30 anos, (67,4%), enquanto o grupo etário >50 ??66 mostrou maior número de indivíduos com sobrepeso (64,0%). Tais dados coincidiram com o fato de as comorbidades também apresentarem predomínio neste último grupo, em que seis das dez patologias estudadas apareceram com maior frequência percentual. Levando- -se em consideração a relação entre sexo e índice de massa corporal, os dados revelaram preponderância do sexo feminino nos grupos com sobrepeso e com obesidade graus I, II e III. Finalmente, quando analisada a relação entre índice de massa corporal e comorbidades, observou-se ampla superioridade destas nos indivíduos com obesidade graus I, II e III. Conclusão O excesso de peso está relacionado ao aumento da frequência de comorbidades, afetando todas as faixas etárias e ambos os sexos, com relativo predomínio no feminino

Objective The present study attempted to determine the relationship between obesity and its comorbidities in workers from Hospital Celso Pierro in Campinas (SP), Brazil. Methods An individual, observational and cross-sectional study of the survey kind analyzed 400 medical records of occupational medicine employees from the Hospital Celso Pierro. They were randomly chosen from a universe of 2185 employees. The following indicators were collected: gender, weight, high (for calculating body mass index) and presence or not of obesity-related comorbidities according to the literature. Results The group aged ??16 ??30 years presented the highest percentage of individuals with normal weight (67.4%) while the group aged >50 ??66 years presented the highest percentage of individuals with excess weight (64.0%). Coincidently, comorbidities prevailed in this older group. They presented the highest rates of six of the ten studied comorbidities. Regarding the relationship between gender and body mass index, the data showed that there were more overweight and obese (grades I, II and III) females than males. Finally, when the relationship between body mass index and comorbidities was assessed, comorbidities were significantly more common in individuals with grades I, II and III obesity. Conclusion Excess weight is related with an increased rate of comorbidities and affects all age groups and both genders, but preferably females

Desenvolvimento e avaliação microbiológica do molho condimentado da biomassa de banana verde / Development and evaluation of microbial biomass spicy sauce of green bananas

O Brasil é o segundo maior produtor de banana (Musa spp.) do mundo, onde 60 por cento da sua produção é desperdiçada, desde o campo até a comercialização. Por isso, estudamos uma forma de aproveitar industrialmente a banana no estágio de maturação verde, desenvolvendo um molho condimentado pastoso e pronto para o consumo, a partir da biomassa desta fruta. As bananas, da variedade casca verde, foram adquiridas no mercado do Pirajá, localizado em Juazeiro do Norte – CE e destinadas a processamento, no Laboratório de Frutos e Hortaliças da Faculdade de Tecnologia – CENTEC Cariri, com apoio da Fundação Cearense de Apoio à Pesquisa – FUNCAP. (...) Por seis meses o produto foi submetido a análises microbiológicas, com base na legislação vigente da Agência Nacional d Vigilância Sanitária – ANVISA, na Resolução –m RDC n. 12 de 02 de janeiro de 2001. As análises serviram para avaliarmos as condições higiênico-sanitárias do processamento e armazenamento. Os resultados obtidos mostram que o produto está dentro dos padrões microbiológicos, indicando que as técnicas utilizadas foram eficientes, adequadas e seguiram as Boas Práticas de Fabricação – BPF.

Estresse pré-operatório: comparação entre pacientes do SUS e conveniados

A pesquisa comparou os índices de estresse em 60 pacientes internados para a realização da cirurgia de colecistectomia, sendo 30 do Sistema Único de Saúde (SUS) e 30 de convênios. Utilizou-se o Inventário de Sintomas de Stress para Adultos de Lipp e dois questionários: um sociodemográfico e outro sobre variáveis clínicas relativas à cirurgia. Os resultados mostraram que mais pacientes do grupo SUS tiveram estresse (93,3 por cento) em relação ao grupo dos conveniados (33,3 por cento; p<0,05). Como variáveis que apresentaram diferença estatística em relação ao estresse, encontrou-se que: o sexo feminino, não ter realizado a consulta pré-anestésica e possuir escolaridade em nível fundamental foram fatores que estiveram relacionados ao estresse na amostra total (p<0,05), destacando-se que todos estes tiveram maior freqüência no grupo SUS (p<0,05).(AU)

This research compared the rates of stress in 60 patients interned for undergoing cholecystectomy surgery. 30 were treated by the National Health System (BR) and 30 by private health care plans. The instruments used for the research were the Lipp's Inventory of Stress Symptoms for Adults and two questionnaires: a social-demographic questionnaire and one on clinical variables related to the surgery. The results showed that more patients from the National Health System (BR) group were under stress (93.3 percent) in comparison to those from private health care plans (33.3 percent) (p<0.05). The variables which showed statistical differences in terms of stress were: being female, not having attended to preanesthetic evaluation and not having a basic school education level. Those factors had a relation to stress in the overall sample (p<0.05), highlighting the fact that all of those factors had a higher incidence in the National Health System (BR) group (p<0.05).(AU)

Estresse pré-operatório: comparação entre pacientes do SUS e conveniados / Comparative study about preoperative stress on patients attended by the National Health System and private health care plans

A pesquisa comparou os índices de estresse em 60 pacientes internados para a realização da cirurgia de colecistectomia, sendo 30 do Sistema Único de Saúde (SUS) e 30 de convênios. Utilizou-se o Inventário de Sintomas de Stress para Adultos de Lipp e dois questionários: um sociodemográfico e outro sobre variáveis clínicas relativas à cirurgia. Os resultados mostraram que mais pacientes do grupo SUS tiveram estresse (93,3 por cento) em relação ao grupo dos conveniados (33,3 por cento; p<0,05). Como variáveis que apresentaram diferença estatística em relação ao estresse, encontrou-se que: o sexo feminino, não ter realizado a consulta pré-anestésica e possuir escolaridade em nível fundamental foram fatores que estiveram relacionados ao estresse na amostra total (p<0,05), destacando-se que todos estes tiveram maior freqüência no grupo SUS (p<0,05).

This research compared the rates of stress in 60 patients interned for undergoing cholecystectomy surgery. 30 were treated by the National Health System (BR) and 30 by private health care plans. The instruments used for the research were the Lipp's Inventory of Stress Symptoms for Adults and two questionnaires: a social-demographic questionnaire and one on clinical variables related to the surgery. The results showed that more patients from the National Health System (BR) group were under stress (93.3 percent) in comparison to those from private health care plans (33.3 percent) (p<0.05). The variables which showed statistical differences in terms of stress were: being female, not having attended to preanesthetic evaluation and not having a basic school education level. Those factors had a relation to stress in the overall sample (p<0.05), highlighting the fact that all of those factors had a higher incidence in the National Health System (BR) group (p<0.05).

Estresse e estratégias de enfrentamento em mestrandos de ciências da saúde / Stress and coping strategies of master's-level health sciences students

A pesquisa objetivou conhecer a ocorrência de estresse em 27 mestrandos em ciências da saúde da Universidade Federal de Sergipe, sendo 16 mulheres e 11 homens. Buscou-se também delinear as estratégias de enfrentamento utilizadas para lidar com o estresse e os estressores percebidos na pós-graduação. Utilizou-se o Inventário de Sintomas de Stress para Adultos de Lipp, a Escala de Modos de Enfrentamento de Problemas e um questionário sobre possíveis estressores. Os resultados mostraram que 40,7 por cento dos sujeitos apresentaram estresse e houve associação entre estresse e sexo (p<0,05), estando as mulheres mais vulneráveis ao mesmo. Verificou-se a associação entre o sexo e as principais estratégias de enfrentamento utilizadas pelos participantes que não tiveram estresse (p<0,05), revelando a focalização no problema como uma estratégia mais freqüente para os homens. Acredita-se na importância de pesquisas que investiguem esta temática, pois o desempenho do mestrando pode ser influenciado pelo estresse experienciado na pós-graduação.

This research had the objective to examine the occurrence of stress among 27 master students of health sciences of the Universidade Federal de Sergipe [Federal University of Sergipe], of which 16 were women and 11 were men. And, it also sought to delineate the coping strategies used to deal with the stress and the stressors perceived by the graduate students. Lipp's Stress Symptoms for Adults Inventory, the Ways to Confront Problems Scale and a questionary about possible stressors were used. The results indicated that 40,7 percent of subjects had stress and that there was an association between stress and sex (p<0,05), showing that women were more vulnerable to stress. The association between sex and the main coping strategies used by the participants that didn't have stress (p<0,05) was verified, showing that focalizing on the problem was a more frequent strategy among men. We believe that more investigation on this topic is important, because the performance of master level students may be influenced by the stress during graduate education.

Estresse e estratégias de enfrentamento em mestrandos de ciências da saúde / Stress and coping strategies of master's-level health sciences students

A pesquisa objetivou conhecer a ocorrência de estresse em 27 mestrandos em ciências da saúde da Universidade Federal de Sergipe, sendo 16 mulheres e 11 homens. Buscou-se também delinear as estratégias de enfrentamento utilizadas para lidar com o estresse e os estressores percebidos na pós-graduação. Utilizou-se o Inventário de Sintomas de Stress para Adultos de Lipp, a Escala de Modos de Enfrentamento de Problemas e um questionário sobre possíveis estressores. Os resultados mostraram que 40,7 por cento dos sujeitos apresentaram estresse e houve associação entre estresse e sexo (p<0,05), estando as mulheres mais vulneráveis ao mesmo. Verificou-se a associação entre o sexo e as principais estratégias de enfrentamento utilizadas pelos participantes que não tiveram estresse (p<0,05), revelando a focalização no problema como uma estratégia mais freqüente para os homens. Acredita-se na importância de pesquisas que investiguem esta temática, pois o desempenho do mestrando pode ser influenciado pelo estresse experienciado na pós-graduação.(AU)

This research had the objective to examine the occurrence of stress among 27 master students of health sciences of the Universidade Federal de Sergipe [Federal University of Sergipe], of which 16 were women and 11 were men. And, it also sought to delineate the coping strategies used to deal with the stress and the stressors perceived by the graduate students. Lipp's Stress Symptoms for Adults Inventory, the Ways to Confront Problems Scale and a questionary about possible stressors were used. The results indicated that 40,7 percent of subjects had stress and that there was an association between stress and sex (p<0,05), showing that women were more vulnerable to stress. The association between sex and the main coping strategies used by the participants that didn't have stress (p<0,05) was verified, showing that focalizing on the problem was a more frequent strategy among men. We believe that more investigation on this topic is important, because the performance of master level students may be influenced by the stress during graduate education.(AU)